does somebody get charged?

Your preference really. So long as you know what you wrote and what it means. Beside the line where the runner advances to second I would write AT to signify that the runner advanced on the throw. I would circle the 1B not the 2B and credit that batter with a single (and RBI if R2 made it in). I suppose if you wanted to be more specific you could write AT8-2 beside the line so that you know where the throw came from/went to. My philosophy on scorekeeping is to give credit to players not so much ding them.

It could be one of those "you had to be there" answers. If the runner is standing on the bag, sees the throw go to the wrong place so he advances, then it could be scored an error on the throw. If he was stopped but was able to advance because the throw wasn't made to stop him from advancing, I'd score it as an advanced on the throw. Most often I've scored an advance when, there wasn't any mistake, as advanced on throw.

I don't usually bother scoring advances on throws at all. I mean, it's not a hit, it's not an error, so why bother even keeping track of it?

Technically I think it's a species of fielder's choice, FWIW.

As for this:

"If the runner is standing on the bag, sees the throw go to the wrong place so he advances, then it could be scored an error on the throw."

I don't think that's typically done unless the ball gets loose and the runner's advance is caused by that. That sort of error in judgment -- e.g., throwing to home when it's really too late to have a play there so that the guy who hit a single can take second base -- is not scored as an error.

There are many things that the defense can do to prevent runs that are not errors. That's why the rules for determining ERA do not do full justice to a pitcher with a bad defensive team behind him.

thanks for all the help guys... I guess my thought of action/reaction type of scorekeeping is just not so. thanks for setting me straight. 1