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Back when I coached in college, I made out a test that every player needed to pass. It had 100 questions that pertained mostly to situations, and some rules.

If I can find it I will email it to you.

It was a multiple choice test. Here is an example...

You are the runner at 3B
Runners at 1st and 3rd
No outs or one out
Ground ball hit right back to the pitcher. What do you do?

A - Go back to 3B
B - Take off to the plate
C - Freeze and see what the pitcher does
D - Fake a break to the plate
E - None of the above

BTW, what is the correct answer?
I would love a copy as well

coach2709@emabarqmail.com

To answer PG's question the key part of the question is that there might be 0 outs. In that case the runner should freeze and see what the pitcher does (assuming he doesn't have a huge lead and has to go back).

Once you see the pitcher turn to throw to 2B then take off.
coach,

We would get many that would answer that question incorrectly.

No outs... DP ball back to the pitcher.

A - Go back to 3B... Result: Two outs, runner at 3B
C - Freeze and see what the pitcher does... Result: Pitcher starts the DP, pivot man can go to 1B for out two or possibly go to HP for out two. If the runner takes off and goes to the plate after the pitcher throws to second, he will either score or be thrown out at the plate. If he is thrown out that leaves a runner at 1B with two outs.
D - Fake a break to the plate... Result: If the defensive team knows what they are doing there will be two outs and a runner at 3B.

B - Take off to the plate... Result, pitcher must decide if he is going to give up the run and get the DP or go to the plate to stop the run. If he goes for the DP, the run scores without a play. If he goes to the plate or runs down the runner, the most common result will be one out with runners on 1B and 2B.

What would you rather have? 2 outs and a runner at 3B or 1 out and runners at 1B and 2B? That is the decision you force the pitcher to make by running.

There are certain situations that could have a bearing on how this is played, but percentages for the hitting team are highly in favor of 1 out and runners at 1st and 2nd over 2 outs and a runner at 3rd. By doing (B) you either score the run or you end up with runners at 1st and 2nd with 1 out.

Anyone disagree?

If I can find that test I will gladly send it. The thing I liked about it, was that it really got people thinking. Some of the questions actually had more than one answer that could be correct.
Last edited by PGStaff
PG I think that is a great thought process for the type of teams / players you deal with but with the average high school team I think the percentages are in the offenses favor that the pivot man won't go home or can't make a good enough throw to the plate.

Plus my scenario is dependant on having a pretty quick guy too.
coach,

I suppose the competition level could make a difference. However, it always bothers me when I see youth baseball doing things that are not done that way at the next level.

For example, runners at 1B and 2B, ball hit back to the pitcher, pitcher goes to 3B to get the lead runner. (I see that a lot)

At the younger levels, I'd rather see things done the right way, even if it fails at that time the players will at least be learning the right things.

I guess the thought is that young kids aren't as likely to turn the DP. I often wonder how hard it is to change once you've done something the wrong way for a long time. I actually have seen high school kids doing this and guess I always thought high school kids should be able to turn a double play. Or in the case above, throw the ball from 2B to HP. If a runner freezes at 3B and goes when the pitcher turns to throw to 2B, that runner (no matter how fast he is) would need a wild throw to the plate in order to score. If he is thrown out, you have the very worst result... No run, 2 outs and a runner at 1B.

Maybe I'm over rating the ability of high school players, but (IMO) that's not a very difficult play for a middle infielder to make. Then again I do realize the higher the level the better the players are.

That is just the way I look at it. Others would probably think I'm wrong.
I think it makes more sense in HS than anywhere. How much can you do with a runner @ 3rd and 2 outs and I don't need to hear about how many different ways you can score. However with 1 out and runners 1st and 2nd you can now run you everyday offense. Not to mention if the runner at third gets and stays in a rundown long enough you could have runners at 2nd and 3rd with 1 out.
Overall PG I think you are completely correct. I have had a few shortstops who could make that throw back home and maybe two 2B who could. We have played teams that could make this play as well but overall most teams could not / would not make that play.

quote:
However, it always bothers me when I see youth baseball doing things that are not done that way at the next level.


I hope you don't think I'm a hypocrite but I agree with this statement. I get young kids who are taught certain things and sometimes they are difficult to change while others pick up what you are teaching easily.

In this situation - if I teach freeze and react I believe it would be an easy fix if they leave my program and then go on to college. To me this is a strategy issue and not a physical one. Physical problems are the ones that are difficult to overcome.

quote:
I guess the thought is that young kids aren't as likely to turn the DP.


I think that youth league and not so good HS coaches think this. We work on double plays from the IF everyday in practice. MIF moving to the bag, away from the bag and creating momentum for a feed. It's one of our IF practice blocks to turn DP from everywhere on the IF. Then we got another block where we have PFP - get over / cover 1B, double play (1B only and 1B & 2B), check runners 2B / 3B.

Youth league and not so good HS coaches just do the ol' "let's turn two boys" and hit one groundball to each player. I think that's why when players get around good coaches they are surprised to find out that there's more to DP than what they have done so far.

Anyway, getting back to the situation - I agree with what you are saying but I think I can back up what I am teaching. Then again I may be the only one to teach the freeze and react.
Here's some rainy day stuff. (i removed a few items that were specific to our signs)

Circle the numbers of the correct statements.


3. On a squeeze play just bunt the ball if it’s a strike.
4. On a squeeze play the runner should break as early as possible.
5. On the squeeze play the runner should give the hitter a sign.

6. On a bunt play the batter should only bunt strikes.
7. On a bunt play the batter should try to bunt the ball up the line for a base hit.
8. On a bunt play the batter should try to get out of the box as fast as possible while bunting, that way maybe he’ll be safe at first.
9. On a bunt play the runner is stealing.
10. On a bunt play the runner goes as soon as he knows the ball will hit the ground.

11. On a hit and run the runner steals.
12. On a hit and run the runner steals only if he gets a good jump.
13. On a hit and run the runner peaks in after 2 or 3 strides.
14. On a hit and run the sign is to tap the hat 3 times.
15. On a hit and run if the runner rounds second, then the ball is caught in the air in the outfield, the runner must touch second on his way back to first.

16. On a hit ball if the runner collides with a fielder making a play that runner is out.
17. If the runner stays in the baseline he can collide with a fielder making a play on a hit ball.
18. If the runner stays in the baseline he can collide with a fielder making a play on a thrown ball.
19. During a rundown if a runner bumps into a fielder without the ball the runner is awarded the next base.
20. On a strikeout with nobody on 1st, the ball bounces and then is caught by the catcher; the runner should run to 1st because he is not out yet.
21. “Take” means swing as hard as you freakin can because you might actually hit it.
Trojan-skipper,

These might be fun to discuss as there are several that could have more than one correct answer. I don’t have time to do all of them, so I’ll start with the first one you listed.

quote:
On a squeeze play just bunt the ball if it’s a strike.

In "almost" every case you need to get the ball down on any pitch.

However, here is a play we would run once in a great while that was very successful. Usually done with one of our poorer hitters that was a good bunter at the plate and with the pitcher winding up, but not always. In fact we would practice this play.

Bases loaded, 3-1 or 3-2 count squeeze. In this situation the runners would take off earlier than in a normal squeeze play. In other words we wanted to let everyone know what was going on early. So in this case runners would take off as soon as they knew the pitcher had to go to the plate. The hitter would square around much earlier than on a normal squeeze.

The hitter/bunter, would understand that he will only bunt any pitch that has a possibility of being called a strike. Anything else is ball 4 and we score with the bases still loaded. If it is a strike he lays down the bunt. This is a fairly high percentage play for several reasons. The pitcher can not pitch out. The pitcher has a lot of extra pressure. The runner gets a big break much like trying to steal home, making any play on him on any bunt that is down, impossible. The hitter gets to square early and only needs to bunt a strike rather than try to get any pitch down. And almost always the hitter is going to see a fastball in this situation.

A couple times over the year we have seen the following happen on this play. The defense is yelling “SQUEEZE” when the runners take off early. The pitcher is programmed what to do on that play and so he pitched out… Walking in a run! We’ve also created a balk on this play and once our hitter was hit by the pitch. We have also had the bunter reach first base because of all the thungs going on, the second baseman didn't cover 1B.

I can’t remember for sure, but we probably did this a few times each year and only one time did it fail. You need a disciplined hitter who knows exactly what to do. The only time it failed was when our hitter tried to bunt a pitch in the dirt. He just had a brain cramp.

I preferred doing this with a 3-1 count rather than 3-2 but we have done both. Of course we all know that 3-1 is a great hitters count, but it is a great bunting count, too. 3-1 gives an even higher percentage to the offense because if the bunt goes foul the hitter is not out.

It takes the right situation and the right guy at the plate. When it works (especially when the pitch is ball 4) it can really upset a pitcher.

You have to have balls to do this and most importantly you have to have players who can execute it. I have seen it lead to big innings and
open up games. Worst case, it is an extremely high percentage of bunting the runner at 1B to 2B... just with a lot more going on.

I can guarantee you one thing... The opposing pitchers do not like this play.
Last edited by PGStaff
PG, on your question, I choose E, none of the above.

I like to see the man at 3d keep his distance such that he can dive back to 3d if P attempts to throw behind him. If he actually draws a throw, everyone is safe. But what you mainly hope for here is that P hesitates in making the play so that your guy at 3d does not make an out, but still buys time to allow at least one of the other runners to avoid an out. If our man at 3d can score, great, but really what you're going for here is to blow up the play, prevent the DP and keep the inning alive.

If P checks the man at 3d before going to 2nd, depending on the speed of the runner coming in from 1st, it may be too late to get him by the time P goes there. Between that and the additional time you buy for the batter runner, there is a decent chance of no outs at all being recorded. Maybe one out at 2nd, but too late on the relay to 1st. Maybe P ends up having to go to 1st and get only one out.

Depending on how the play develops and on the speed of your guy at 3d, there could be a chance to score, too. If he gets a good jump on a throw to 2nd, good chance to score as long as they don't turn an inning-ending DP (if there was already 1 out).

Batter had better bust it down the line in this situation. No stopping to sulk, throw his bat in disgust, or any of that nonsense.
Midlo,

Problem is, if you do that as a baserunner in that situation against good teams, you will end up at 3B with two outs. Nearly everytime.

Of course, you have to know how important that run is. If the run is the lead, tying or game winning run. The pitcher needs to get "that" out. If none of the above, the pitcher needs to turn the DP.

The worst case result would be the runner at 3B being out on the back end of a DP.

If the ball is hit hard and fielded clean, the pitcher will have plenty of time to look the runner back to 3B and still easily get the DP. All he has to do is get the runner to freeze and he aint going to score.

Anyway, it comes down to nothing more than percentages. By running immediately and not considering any errors on the play. You either score a run on the DP or you end up at least with runners at 1B and 2B on the out. With 1 out it is a no brainer, you run right away and hope the pitcher goes to the plate.

These kind of things are always fun to discuss. I'm still looking for our old test.
The answer is B every single time. The runner on 3rd base has to go. If they don't throw- run scored. If they do, the runner gets in a run-down. His job is to stay in it long enough for runners to move up to 2nd and 3rd. Runner on 1st and hitter should have been taught what to do previously in practice. First base coach points to 2nd immediately to runner to alert him of a run-down.
quote:
Originally posted by trojan-skipper:
The problem with B is that if they have an athlete behind the plate there is no way your guy is going to be safe at 3rd all the way from first.

Now, most poised pitchers are going to turn 2 immediately on this ball.... unless that run on 3rd is a huge run..


Just not true. Been doing it for years. There is no other way to try and run it. Obviously, the runner from 1st base has to read the play and the runner at 3rd base has to do a good job in the rundown. That said, that's why you practice it.
Last edited by ncball
quote:
There is no other way to try and run it.


That's kind of a bold statement. You got three people on here (myself, Trojan Skipper, Midlo Dad) who run it differently and we obviously have had success with it or we wouldn't be doing it. There are many different ways of doing things in baseball. If there wasn't and everyone did things the same then I would say it would be a boring game.
ncball,

I actually have seen this done incorrectly, more than once, at both college and pro games. In fact, just about every baserunning mistake there is, happens once in awhile at every level, including the Major Leagues. It just doesn't happen very often.

Sorry, I still haven't been able to locate that test, but I will keep trying. Hope I can because it would lead to some very interesting discussions with differing opinions. I originally wrote the test geared to how we wanted things done. Every player had to pass the test, in fact, they needed to answer every question correctly.
here's one for a rainy day
(probably be best if you copied and pasted it to a document so you could look at easier??)
Baseball Quiz
Equipment:

1. What color(s) are banned on a pitcher’s glove?
2. What color(s) are banned on pitcher’s sleeves?
3. What seal must all HS bats have embossed upon them?
4. What seal must catchers gear and helmets have embossed on them?
5. What types of jewelry are permitted on the field of play?
6. What is the penalty for a fielder throwing his glove at a hit ball?

Fair ball or foul? Answer each question Fair or Foul

1. Ground ball toward first, the first baseman touches the ball in foul ground with both feet in fair territory.
2. Pop fly to first, the first baseman touches the ball over foul ground with one foot in fair territory.
3. Long fly to left field, ball hits the foul pole in the air.
4. Ground ball along first base line, ball hits the base and then hits fielder in foul territory.
5. Bunted ball out in front of home plate, the batter drops the bat and it unintentionally contacts the baseball on fair ground.
6. Bouncing hit ball bounces over 3rd base in the air and lands in foul ground before any fielder touches it.
7. Hit ball comes to a rest on top of home plate.
8. Hit ball bounces off of home plate and rolls to the pitchers mound without being touched by a fielder.
9. Hit ball strikes batter on the back foot while foot is in the batters box. (nothing to brag about as a hitter)
10. Long, hooking, line drive to left field, bounces one time in fair ground and then over the fence foul.
11. Hit ball hits the pitcher’s rubber and rolls across the foul line halfway between home and third; nobody touched the baseball in fair ground.

Infield Fly Rule

• Men on first and third; is the infield fly rule in effect?
• Bases loaded, two out: is it in effect?
• Bases loaded, nobody out; is it in effect?
• Infield fly in effect; pop fly lands untouched in foul ground; what is the call?
• Infield fly in effect; umpire calls infield fly but ball lands untouched several feet onto the outfield grass in fair territory. Is the batter out? Do the runners have to go? Can the runners advance? Is the ball dead?
• Infield fly in effect: umpire calls infield fly, pitcher loses ball in sun and the ball falls on the mound… is the hitter out? Do the runners have to go? Can the runners advance? Is the ball dead?
• Infield fly in effect: umpire calls infield fly; pitcher intentionally drops ball on the mound… is the hitter out? Do the runners have to go? Can the runners advance? Is the ball dead?
• Infield fly in effect: umpire calls infield fly: pitcher traps the ball on the mound… is the hitter out? Do the runners have to go? Can the runners advance? Is the ball dead?

Base running:

1. If a runner passes another runner on the base paths which runner is declared out?
2. If 2 runners occupy the same base and the fielder tags them both, which runner will be declared out?
3. If a baserunner collides with an infielder while the infielder is standing in the baseline fielding a ground ball will the baserunner be declared out?
4. If a base runner collides with a fielder while the fielder is catching a thrown ball will the runner be declared out?
5. You are standing on 2nd base and the shortstop collides with you while he is attempting to catch a pop up, the ball falls to the ground. Is the hitter out? Are you out? Can you advance to 3rd on the play?
6. If a runner uses malicious contact and the fielder drops the ball can the runner be called safe?
7. If a runner uses malicious contact can he be ejected from the game on the first offense?
8. When tagging up, if the fielder bobbles the ball, does the runner have to wait until the catch is final to advance to the next base?

Like they say in the insulation business: "It's better than nothing."
Last edited by trojan-skipper
Here's one I found.

BASEBALL QUIZ
THINK YOU KNOW BASEBALL?
Test your knowledge with questions regarding baseball's most frequently disputed rules.
See how many questions you can answer correctly.
1. ARE THE HANDS CONSIDERED PART OF THE BAT?
2. IF A BATTED BALL HITS THE PLATE FIRST, IS IT A FOUL BALL?
3. IS THE BALL ALWAYS IMMEDIATELY DEAD WHEN THE UMPIRE CALLS "BALK!"?
4. IF A PITCH HITS THE GROUND, THEN HITS THE BATTER, AND THE BATTER DID NOT SWING; IS THE BATTER ENTITLED TO FIRST BASE?
5. MUST THE BATTER TURN TO HIS RIGHT WHEN RETURNING TO FIRST BASE AFTER A SAFE HIT?
6. WHEN A FIELDER THROWS THE BALL OUT-OF-PLAY, ARE THE RUNNERS AWARDED THE BASE THEY WERE GOING TO, PLUS ONE?
7. AT ALL LEVELS OF PLAY; SENIOR, JUNIOR, & MAJOR, THE RUNNER MUST SLIDE IF THE DEFENSIVE PLAYER IS FIELDING THE BALL ON A CLOSE PLAY, OR HAS THE BALL. TRUE OR FALSE?
8. IF A FIELDER IS BLOCKING THE BASE PATH BEFORE HE CATCHES A THROW, IS THIS ALWAYS INTERFERENCE?
9. THE SHORTSTOP HAS THE BALL MUCH TOO FAR FROM THE RUNNER ADVANCING FROM SECOND BASE TO TAG HIM. THE RUNNER ZIG-ZAGS 6 FEET TO EACH SIDE OF THE BASE LINE AS HE RETREATS TO SECOND. IS HE OUT FOR RUNNING OUT OF THE BASELINE?
10. AN OUTFIELDER MAKES A RUNNING CATCH, TAKES 4 STEPS AFTER CATCHING THE BALL, FALLS DOWN, ROLLS OVER AND STANDS UP, THEN DROPS THE BALL. IS THE BATTER OUT?
11. WHEN THE INFIELD-FLY RULE IS IN EFFECT, IS THE BATTER AUTOMATICALLY OUT IF HE HITS A POP-FLY IN THE INFIELD?
12. IF THE UMPIRES DECLARE "INFIELD-FLY THE BATTER'S OUT" BUT THE FIELDER DROPS THE BALL, CAN THE RUNNERS ADVANCE?
13. IF THE BASE COACH SLAPS HANDS WITH A RUNNER AS HE PASSES WHILE THE BALL IS ALIVE, IS THE RUNNER OUT?
14. AS THE BATTER ROUNDS THIRD AFTER HITTING A HOME RUN, HIS TEAMMATES HUG HIM AND PAT HIM ON THE BACK AND SLAP HANDS. SHOULD THE BATTER BE CALLED OUT?
15. A RUNNER ADVANCES A BASE ON A PITCH THAT WAS TIPPED BY THE BATTER AND CAUGHT BY THE CATCHER. MUST THE RUNNER RETURN TO HIS ORIGINAL BASE?
16. MAY A COACH OR MANAGER WARM-UP THE PITCHER BEFORE THE GAME STARTS?
17. MUST THE CATCHER WEAR A CATCHERS HELMET DURING PREGAME INFIELD PRACTICE?
18. Two out, runners on first and second base. Batter hits single, runner on second scores, runner on first base missed second but reaches third. The defense properly appeals that he missed second. Does the run which scored count?
19. One out, runners on first and second. Batter hits a pop fly between third and home, the umpire calls "infield fly if fair", the fielder under the ball, lets the ball strike the ground untouched in foul territory, the ball then then rolls into fair territory. The umpire rules an infield fly and declares the batter out. Right or wrong?
20. Bases full, two out, batter walks. Catcher throws ball to first baseman, ball gets by him into right field. All runners on base score with the batter reaching second. The defense appeals that the batter-runner missed first. The umpire agrees and calls him out. How many runs score?
21. Runner goes far out of the base line to avoid a fielder trying to field a fair batted ball. Umpire declares the runner out. Right or wrong?
22. Runners on second and third, two out, batter hits a clean double and is thrown out attempting to stretch hit into a triple. However, the runner who started on second left before the ball reached the plate. How many runs count? (Little League only)
Answer:
23. Runner going from second to third bumps into the shortstop who was standing in the base path without the ball. The third baseman, who fielded the ball, comes over and tags the runner with the ball. Is the runner out?
24. A batter with two strikes is hit on his fist while swinging at the pitch. Is he out, or is he awarded first base, or is it a foul ball.
25. The player listed third in the batting order bats when the number two batter should have been up. He gets a double. The defense appeals that he was the wrong batter. The umpire calls number two out and puts number three back up. Is this correct?
An even better one:

1. True
False Whenever the catcher drops the third strike, the batter is always automatically out as long as there is a runner at first base.
2. True
False On a dropped third strike where the batter may run to first, tagging first base or tagging the runner before he gets to first will result in the batter being called out.
3. True
False Catcher’s interference occurs when the batter’s swing is interfered with by the catcher. For example: The bat hits the catcher’s glove as the batter is swinging at the pitch.
4. True
False When removing his mask to find a pop foul, the catcher should immediately throw the mask out of his way while trying to find the ball.
5. True
False While setting up for a play-at-the-plate, it is a good idea if the catcher removes his mask.
6. True
False On a pitchout, the catcher must remain in the catcher’s box until the ball has actually left the pitcher’s hand.
7. True
False A batted ball that comes to rest on top of homeplate is foul.
8. True
False On a checked swing, where the umpire calls the pitch a “ball,” the catcher may request that the home plate umpire check with the other umpire to do determine whether the batter actually swung at the pitch.
9. True
False On a ground ball with the bases empty, the catcher should follow the batter to first by angling into foul territory.
10. True
False When catching a pop foul near the backstop, the catcher should have his back to the infield.
11. True
False The bases are loaded with no outs. The batter hits a grounder back to the pitcher who throws home for a force out. Although the runner is out, it is still a good idea for the catcher to tag the runner, just to make sure.
12. True
False Runners at 1st and 3rd. While the pitcher is still in the set position, the runner from 1st makes an early break for 2nd. The catcher should point at the runner while telling the pitcher to “Step off!”
13. True
False Runner at 1st and no outs. The batter executes a sacrifice bunt down the 3rd baseline. The catcher and the third baseman go after the ball. The third baseman gets to it first and fields the ball about 20-feet from homeplate. The catcher should continue running down the line and cover third base.
14. True
False The catcher should drop to both knees when attempting to block a pitch in the dirt.
15. True
False A tipped ball that is caught is a strike – but the ball is dead.
16. True
False “Framing” is a technique used by catchers to try to get marginal pitches on the corners to look more like strikes.
17. True
False Runner at 1st. After a pitch in the dirt that the catcher successfully blocks, the runner gets “hung up” halfway between 1st and 2nd. The runner is standing still as the catcher has the ball. The catcher should keep the ball and run directly towards the runner before making any throws.
18. True
False The pitcher has primary responsibility for telling fielders where to throw a bunted ball after it is fielded.
19. True
False On a pop foul near the first base line where the pitcher, catcher, and first baseman converge – the catcher usually has priority in making the catch.
20. True
False When an outfielder is throwing to the plate to make a play on a runner attempting to score, the catcher should instruct the cutoff man to “Cut – two!” if there is no chance of getting the runner attempting to score but there is a chance to stop the batter from getting a double.
Catcher I.Q.

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