In addition, you can use the EFC calculator at
www.collegeboard.com to get a general idea.
Frankly, I had to do a lot of reading to figure this out, and I'm still not 100% on the whole thing. Just like recruiting, there is no one answer for anything. Based upon what I have read, there are TWO methodologies that I'm aware of. FIRST, all colleges that administer Federal financial methodology to calculate an EFC. These figures are not adjusted for unusual circumstances: those expenses, changes in income or family circumstances that colleges can use to adjust EFC up or down. The assets considered are all investible assets except retirement plans, and all real estate holding except the home the family lives in. FAFSA is the form you'll want to review, and become familiar with as RRF8 pointed out. SECOND, many private colleges will use a more complicated metholodolgy to determine how much of their own funds (not govt) that they will provide to a student. The assets considered are all investible assets except retirement plans, all real estate holdings including the home in which the family lives. Some Private schools use CSS Profile form in addition to FAFSA.
I learned early on in this process that FA is one of the most important things to understand. I'm not an accountant nor do I plan to play one on TV. Most schools have a very helpful staff to help you through the basics, but it was a lot of reading for me. It also helps to be polite to the FA officers. Most that I spoke to were real professional, and they want to help.