Rick, I have to disagree that at least some were not "athletes."
Let's look at Yale. The only way a player is "assured" admission is as a recruited athlete; otherwise the player is placed into - and competes - against the regular pool of applicants and, once admitted, shows up to practice. (My son's team had at least one such player every year.) The coach has no "hidden" spots. Moreover, there are special admissions committees whose SOLE PURPOSE is to screen athletic applications - and not a single member picked up a phone or noticed discrepancies in the application. (I won't even get into what the kid thought what was going on when she received the Likely Letter.) Yale admitted an athlete - as an athlete - without checking her bona fides; a simple phone call to the HS guidence counselor, the HS coach, the teachers who wrote LORs, would have revealed the fraud. Yale (and similar institutions [think Stanford] did not have in place procedures which would have easily revealed the fraud; Yale can't fall back on the "we're too stupid and gullible" defense.
Moreover, employees (coaches) are the agents of the University and as such under the laws pertaining to agency legally represent the University (which is the principal). If these schools with huge athletic budgets allow its coaches absolute feeedom to recruit WITHOUT EVER LAYING EYES ON THE KID then that is an institutional failure
If these cases aren't in the category of institutional failures (somewhere I recall that was used against universities in several athletic scandals), it's hard to think of more egregious cases. (How many schools have suffered penalties while the coach waltzes to another similar job?)