kt333, it is with some ambivalence, but in deference to CD, that I will weigh in on your questions. Our son experienced a major labrum injury at the very end of a MILB season. It went misdiagnosed through the off season and Spring Training into the start of High A ball. At that point he could hardly play. The tear was diagnosed but he was assured he could complete the season, have surgery afterward, and playing would not make it worse. He followed the advice of team ortho and there is little doubt what was found in surgery was worse than the diagnosis and tear described during the season based on the contrast MRI.
Our son rehabbed an entire off season, far longer than you have post surgery. Eventually, he hit a wall. Again, the team resisted but finally he got to the MRI and to Dr Andrews. The diagnosis this time was either a recurrent tear or a tear which was not addressed and properly repaired in the first shoulder surgery. Dr Andrews would not clear him to play, practice or even try further PT. At surgery #2, Dr Andrews found considerable edema (bleeding) in the shoulder in the salvage efforts coupled with considerable scar tissue, which extended the surgery complications and time, significantly.
Some things to appreciate: Do you own research and ask your doctor informed questions on the use of cortisone. Most would agree you cannot have more cortisone without risks of longer term damage to the tendons and ligaments which provide structure and support for your shoulder.
You can be at risk for the need for a shoulder replacement a number years down the road without proper care and attention at this point to address the structural damage and stability within the shoulder. As CD notes, you are at risk of not being able to play catch with your son. It may not seem like much now but looking at the smile on the faces of our son and our grandson when they are playing catch and playing baseball is a clear testament to recognizing the wisdom in CD's caution and encouragement.
Our son was much further along in the post-surgery rehab than you are before the additional tear was appreciated. He was also trying to compete as an infielder at a higher level of Milb. He couldn't do it because he did not have enough strength or stability to play and to compete in the field or with a bat. The level of pain was considerable and interfered with every activity of daily living including sleep. The clicking and periodic locking with a throwing motion was such a challenge.
Without a fully rehabbed shoulder and now the recurrent tear diagnosed, I can hardly imagine how you could play a full college season of 56 games plus practice at the levels you apparently have for yourself. Doing so, even if somewhat successfully and without surgery, certainly risks any playing beyond college. Cortisone not an answer. Pain medications are not an answer.
In 2008, a study came out by a MLB team ortho which showed that only 25% of those having shoulder/labrum surgery one time returned to be able to play and compete at their pre-injury level. It is hard to conceive the odds for someone in the early stages of labrum rehab who now has a known recurrent tear, especially in a time frame of a season starting in about 8 weeks and practice before then.
If you were our son, the recommendation would be to get an appointment with Dr Andrews, or someone at that level. I very much appreciate your perspectives that this won't stop you. The reality is, though, that all odds are against you. Get the best medical perspectives you can because there can be implications much longer term and also for your team and teammates in the shorter term.
Hopefully you can be supported in this thread and outside of the HSBBW to get great medical advice and to make sound decisions so that when your son says let's play baseball Dad, you can smile and say, "yes, lets do that."